Dr. Zezen Zaenal Mutaqin is a Fellow at the Center for International Law and Treaty, Indonesian Institute for Foreign Affairs (IIFA). He is also the Head of the Master’s Program and a lecturer at the Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia (UIII). Dr. Mutaqin holds a Master’s degree from the University of Melbourne and a Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.) from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He brings extensive experience in international humanitarian and human rights work, having served with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Geneva Call, and UNICEF. His research lies at the intersection of international law, Islamic law, and human rights. He has contributed to scholarly journals, edited volumes, and public discourse through various media platforms. His work critically examines the normative frameworks and tensions between universal and particular legal traditions, with a focus on Muslim-majority societies and the Global South.